Advantages of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water
Hydrogen production by electrolysis of water:
the resource advantage is gradually established, the future cost reduction can be expected, and the industrial space is large.
Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen by applying an external current to electrochemically react. Using renewable energy to generate hydrogen by electrolysis of water can achieve zero carbon emissions; electrolysis of water to hydrogen is an important means of developing green hydrogen. As of 2021, my country's wind power installed capacity is 328 million kilowatts, accounting for 13.8% of the overall installed capacity of domestic power generation; photovoltaic installed capacity is 307 million kilowatts, accounting for 12.9%. Since 2020, domestic wind power and photovoltaic installed capacity have maintained a relatively high level of new growth. In 2021, the newly installed wind power capacity will be 47.57 million kilowatts, and the new photovoltaic installed capacity will be 54.93 million kilowatts. On the whole, the further increase in the proportion of my country's renewable energy power generation installed capacity has built a resource foundation for the development of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water and the realization of zero carbon emissions.
According to the statistics of the National Energy Administration, in 2021, the domestic abandoned wind power will be 20.61 billion kWh, and the photovoltaic power will be 6.78 billion kWh. If calculated according to the energy consumption of hydrogen production electrolysis of 6KW.H/Nm3, 4.56 billion cubic meters of hydrogen can be generated, which is equivalent to 408,000 tons of hydrogen. Although the abandonment rate of wind and light in China has dropped sharply in recent years, the absolute number of abandoned wind power and photovoltaic power is still relatively large. Reserves provide space.
According to the different electrolytes used, water electrolysis methods can be divided into alkaline water electrolysis, proton exchange membrane water electrolysis, and solid oxide high temperature steam electrolysis.
Depending on the source of electricity, renewable energy hydrogen production technologies can be divided into grid-connected hydrogen production and off-grid hydrogen production. Grid-connected hydrogen production is a hydrogen production method in which the generator set is connected to the power grid and electricity is drawn from the power grid. For example, electricity is drawn from the grid side of the wind-solar coupling system, and water is electrolyzed to produce hydrogen. energy storage. Off-grid hydrogen production is to supply the electricity generated by the generator set directly to the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment for hydrogen production without going through the power grid. It is mainly used for distributed hydrogen production or local fuel cell power generation. Although off-grid electrolysis of water for hydrogen production can obtain lower electricity prices, it also faces rising investment costs.